Resumen El procesamiento de soluciones es un método de bajo costo para preparar una variedad de películas delgadas orgánicas o inorgánicas. Para compuestos de óxidos metálicos, un procesamiento de solución de un compuesto organometálico se usa con frecuencia como solución precursora para ser recubierta por rotación, seguida de un tratamiento térmico para formar el óxido metálico. En este trabajo se obtienen polvos de óxido de vanadio a partir de una simple reacción ácido-base, y luego se dispersan en alcohol isopropílico para formar una solución para spin-coating. También se agregan diferentes cantidades de sal de cobalto junto con VOx en alcohol isopropílico para formar soluciones de VOx:Co2+. Después del tratamiento térmico a 200 °C, se obtienen películas delgadas transparentes. Se analizan las propiedades ópticas, estructurales, morfológicas y químicas. Se encontró que el compuesto VO2:Co2+ es amorfo y se obtiene con una relación atómica V:Co variada de 6.6:1-1.6:1. El material presenta una absorción óptica alrededor de 2.3 eV. Se observa una interesante morfología porosa interconectada cuando la relación atómica de V:Co es ~4.9:1. Se concluye que se pueden obtener películas delgadas amorfas porosas de VO2:Co2+ a partir del spin-coating a una baja temperatura de tratamiento utilizando una solución simple sin agente complejante.

Abstract Solution-processing is a low-cost solution method to prepare a variety of organic or inorganic thin films. For metal oxide compounds, a solution-processing solution of an organometallic compound is frequently used as a precursor to be spin coated, followed by a thermal annealing to form metal oxide. In this work, vanadium oxide powders are obtained from a simple acid-base reaction, and then they are dispersed in isopropyl alcohol to form a solution for spin-coating. Different amount of cobalt salt are also added together with VOx into isopropyl alcohol to form VOx:Co2+ solutions. After thermal annealing at 200 °C, continuous transparent thin films are obtained. Optical, structural, morphological and chemical binding energies of those films are analyzed. It is found that amorphous VO2:Co2+ compound is formed in those films with V:Co atomic ratios between 6.6:1 and 1.6:1. Optical absorption onsets of those films are around 2.3 eV. An interesting interconnected porous morphology is observed when the atomic ratio of V:Co is around 4.9:1. It is concluded that porous amorphous cobalt doped vanadium oxide thin films can be obtained from a spin-coating process at low annealing temperature from a simple solution without any complex agent.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fumaric acid (FA) on the growth performance, hematological parameters and serum biochemistry in broilers under heat stress (HS) condition. A total number of 200 broilers were allocated to five treatments including the thermoneutral group, which was reared at standard ambient temperature and fed basal diet (CONT) and four heat-stressed groups, which were held at 32 ± 1ºC aged from 22 to 42 days and fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg FA, respectively. On day 42, body weight and feed intake were measured and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Blood was collected for the estimation of hematological and biochemical parameters. HS impaired the growth performance, but the addition of FA made a higher final body weight, average daily gain and European broiler index in comparison with HS group. The hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of HS broilers were significantly lower than those of the CONT birds. Birds administered 5g/kg FA diet had significantly (p<0.05) higher erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration compared with birds in the HS group fed basal diet. Also, the HS group exhibited significant increase in glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine when compared with CONT group. Dietary 5g/kg FA increased the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in comparison with the HS group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the importance of using FA as feed additives to improve the growth performance of heat-stressed broilers through haematological and biochemical regulation.

The stability of the roadside filling body is the key to successful gob-side entry retention in a thin coal seam. However, the existing failure mechanism of the roadside filling body is unclear, and no proactive measures for the high-stress regulation of the roadway-surrounding rock have been proposed. Taking the 2704N working face of Xinyang mine, China, as an example, this study aimed to elucidate the failure mechanism and characterize the mechanical environment of the roadside filling body in order to implement proactive stress adjustment in gob-side entry retention and measures for the structural control of the surrounding rock. The mode of failure of the roadside filling body was analysed, and numerical simulations and field experiments were subsequently performed to characterize the stress environment of the roadside filling body under caving and gob-filling conditions. Finally, regulatory measures for regional stress were proposed. The results showed that adjusting the three-dimensional stress fields in the surrounding rock causes the majority of the principal deviatoric stress to concentrate on the filling body, thus causing the surrounding rock to fail. Therefore, decreasing the subsidence space of the roof strata and preventing the accumulation of excessive principal deviatoric stress on the roadside filling body are crucial for regulating the regional field stress in gob-side entry retention and structurally controlling the roadway-surrounding rock. After gob filling, neighbouring units in the 'coal-roadside filling body-immediate roof-filling body in the gob' support system jointly form a skeleton structure that supports the overlying rock through contact force. A powerful force chain network is stored in the skeleton structure. The strong force chains in the gob-filling body bear the majority of the stress imparted by the overlying rock. Relative movement between key blocks is restricted because the key blocks compress each other. Thus, the principal deviatoric stress on the roadside filling body decreases and stability is significantly improved. A new technology that combines a mechanized gob-side entry in a thin coal seam and proactive roof guarding in the gob filling behind the hydraulic supports was designed in accordance with the 'green mining' concept of underground separation of coal from gangue and the requirements for pumped filling materials. The results of this study contribute to the theory and technology of gob-side entry retention and provide a basis for an effective stress adjustment and structural control method in the gob-side entry retention area.

Kidney stone disease is a major cause of chronic renal insufficiency. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in calcium oxalate-induced kidney damage is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the roles of lncRNAs in glyoxylate-exposed and healthy mouse kidneys using microarray technology and bioinformatics analyses. A total 376 mouse lncRNAs were differentially expressed between the two groups. Using BLAST, 15 lncRNA homologs, including AU015836 and CHCHD4P4, were identified in mice and humans. The AU015836 expression in mice exposed to glyoxylate and the CHCHD4P4 expression in human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate were analyzed, and both lncRNAs were found to be upregulated in response to calcium oxalate. To further evaluate the effects of CHCHD4P4 on the cell behavior, we constructed stable CHCHD4P4-overexpressing and CHCHD4P4-knockdown HK-2 cells. The results showed that CHCHD4P4 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in kidney damage and fibrosis caused by calcium oxalate crystallization and deposition. The silencing of CHCHD4P4 reduced the kidney damage and fibrosis and may thus be a potential molecular target for the treatment of kidney stones.

ABSTRACT Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) occurs mainly in adults and is believed to be caused almost exclusively by toxins produced by Clostridium difficile. Colonoscopy found that PMC occurs mainly in the colon, sigmoid colon and rectum in up to 80% ~ 100% of cases. Colonoscopy is simple and fast. It has the significance of making a definite diagnosis and can be used as the main examination method of diagnosis. Reports of children suffering from PMC are rare. Herein, we report a case of PMC in a child. This report has some clinical value for the study of the spectrum of PMC in patients.

RESUMEN La colitis pseudomembranosa (CPM) ocurre principalmente en adultos, y se cree que es causada casi exclusivamente por las toxinas producidas por Clostridium difficile. La colonoscopía encontró que la CPM se produce principalmente en el colon, el colon sigmoideo y el recto, en hasta un 80% ~ 100% de los casos. La colonoscopía es sencilla y rápida. Tiene la importancia de hacer un diagnóstico definitivo, y puede ser utilizada como el método principal de examen para el diagnóstico. Son raros los reportes sobre niños que sufren de CPM. Aquí reportamos un caso de CPM en un niño. Este reporte tiene cierto valor clínico para el estudio del espectro de CPM en los pacientes.

Semiconductor polyaniline (PANI) thin films have proven to be an optically sensitive element for detecting gaseous NH3 and NO2 at room temperature. Although the absorption of either of them on PANI films results in the color change of the films, from green to blue, the mechanism of the interaction of each gas with the polymer is different. Ultra-violet (UV)-Visible (VIS) spectra of the NO2 saturated PANI thin films give an increasing blue shift of the polaron band (1.5 eV) as a function of the gas concentration. The NH3 gas saturated PANI samples, however, show a small red shift of the same absorption band and a slight increase of the relative intensity of the 2.0 eV band. It is suggested that NO2 oxidizes the semiconductor PANI just as this can be oxidized by an electrochemical potential in an aqueous acid solution, whereas NH3 deprotonates the polymer without taking out any electrons from it. The presence of NH+4 and of NH-2 species in the gas saturated PANI samples is shown by the analysis of their Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra.

Se han comprobado que las películas delgadas de polianilina (PANI) son elementos ópticamente sensibles para detectar a los gases de NO2 y NH3 a temperatura ambiente. Aunque el resultado de la adsorción de ambos gases resulta en el cambio de color de las películas, de verde a azul, el mecanismo de interacción de cada uno con el polímero es distinto. Los espectros de ultravioleta (UV)- visible (VIS) de las películas delgadas de PANI saturadas con NO2 muestran un desplazamiento de la banda polaronica (1.5 eV) hacia el azul como función de la concentración del gas nocivo. En cambio las muestras de PANI saturadas con el gas amoniaco indican un corrimiento de la misma banda hacia el rojo y un incremento ligero de la intensidad relativa de la banda de 2.0 eV. Esto sugiere que NO2 oxida al semiconductor PANI de la misma forma que un potencial electroquímico en una solución ácida acuosa, mientras que NH3 desprotona al polímero sin quitarle ningún electrón. La presencia de las especies adsorbidas de NH+4 y NH-2 en las muestras de PANI saturadas con los dos gases se puede observar en sus espectros de infrarrojos por Transformada de Fourier (FT-IR).